1.4 Flags, Songs and Symbols — what they mean and why they matter

Unity says Kia ora!

Every country has signs and symbols that tell its story. New Zealand's symbols are full of history, nature, and meaning. Let's explore them — and find out why each one matters.

📖Flags, songs and symbols story

Read this story together.

If you have a New Zealand coin or can find the flag online, get it out — it's more fun to look at the real thing while you read.


Unity spotted a flag snapping in the wind above a government building. Beside it, a silver fern on a sign caught the afternoon light and seemed to glow.

"Symbols tell stories," said Unity. "Ours tell the story of where we came from and who we are."

The New Zealand flag is blue with two important symbols on it. In the top left corner is the Union Jack — the flag of Britain — which reflects our history as a British colony. On the right side are four red stars outlined in white. They form the Southern Cross, the constellation you can see in our night sky here in the Southern Hemisphere. The Southern Cross has guided navigators for centuries — including the Māori ancestors who first found Aotearoa.

Our national anthem is God Defend New Zealand, known in Māori as Aotearoa. At most official events, the Māori version is sung first. New Zealand is one of very few countries in the world where the national anthem is regularly sung in an indigenous language at public occasions.

The silver fern is perhaps our most loved symbol. The fern grows throughout New Zealand's forests. When moonlight catches the underside of its fronds, they glow silver in the dark — Māori navigators once used this to find their way through the bush at night. Today the silver fern appears on our sporting teams, our passports, and our coins.

And then there is the kiwi — that is me. The kiwi bird is found nowhere else on Earth. It cannot fly. It comes out at night. It is a little unusual, a little stubborn, and completely unique to Aotearoa. Just like us.

💬Talk and think

Questions to explore together.

The last question is a creative one — encourage everyone to come up with their own idea, even if it seems silly. Some of the best ideas start that way.


  • Which New Zealand symbol means the most to you, and why?

  • Why do you think countries have flags, anthems, and national symbols at all?

  • If you could add one new symbol to represent New Zealand today, what would it be?

🔍Explore more

Things worth knowing.

Take a few minutes to read through these facts together. See if anyone can spot one of these symbols somewhere in your home before you move on.


The flag

Union Jack (British history) + Southern Cross (our night sky)

National anthem

God Defend New Zealand — sung in te reo Māori first

The silver fern

Glows silver in the dark — used by Māori navigators in the bush

The kiwi bird

Nocturnal, flightless, found only in New Zealand

Other symbols

Pōhutukawa tree, the haka, the koru

Our coins

Feature the kiwi, silver fern, and other NZ symbols

🤝Do it together - Design a family symbol

Do it together.

Give everyone their own piece of paper first to draw their idea, then combine the best bits into one family design. Put it somewhere you can see it.


Every family has things that make them who they are — places they love, values they share, things they are proud of.

Design a simple family symbol or crest together. Choose one image that represents where you live or come from, one image that represents something your family loves or believes in, and one colour that feels right for your family.

Draw it, explain what each part means, and put it somewhere you can see it.

⭐Unity's takeaway

Our symbols — the flag, the anthem, the silver fern, and the kiwi — tell the story of who we are, where we came from, and what makes Aotearoa unlike anywhere else on Earth.